 Gov.
Jan Brewer signs bill that bans schools from teaching classes
designed for students of particular ethnic group. School districts
may appeal the law, which becomes effective Dec. 31.
By Nicole Santa Cruz, Los Angeles Times
May 12, 2010
A
bill that aims to ban ethnic studies in Arizona schools was signed into
law by Gov. Jan Brewer, cheering critics who called such
classes divisive and alarming others who said it's yet another law
targeting Latinos in the state.
The move comes less than 20 days after Brewer signed a controversial
immigration bill that has caused widespread protests against the state.
The governor's press office did not return requests for comment Tuesday
evening.
HB 2281
bans schools from teaching classes that are designed for students of a
particular ethnic group, promote resentment or advocate ethnic
solidarity over treating pupils as individuals. The bill also bans
classes that promote the overthrow of the U.S. government.
The bill was written to target the Chicano, or Mexican American,
studies program in the Tucson school system, said state Supt. of Public
Instruction Tom Horne.
School districts that don't comply with the new law could have as much
as 10% of their state funds withheld each month. Districts have the
right to appeal the mandate, which goes into effect Dec. 31.
Tucson Unified School District officials say the Chicano studies
classes benefit students and promote critical thinking. "We don't teach
all those ugly things they think we're teaching," said Judy Burns, the
president of the district's governing board.
She has no intention of ending the program, which offers courses from
elementary school through high school in topics such as literature,
history and social justice, with an emphasis on Latino authors and
history. About 3% of the district's 55,000 students are enrolled in
such classes.
Horne has been trying to end the program for years, saying it divides
students by race and promotes resentment. He singled out one history
book used in some classes, "Occupied America: A History of Chicanos,"
by Rodolfo Acuna, a professor and founder of the Chicano studies
program at Cal State Northridge.
"To begin with, the title of the book implies to the kids that
they live in occupied America, or occupied Mexico," Horne said last
week in a telephone interview.
Also last week, Augustine Romero, director of student equity in the
Tucson school district, said it now had become politically acceptable
to attack Latinos in Arizona.
Ethnic studies are taught at high schools and colleges nationwide, but
the Tucson district officials say their 14-year-old program is unique
because it's districtwide, offered to grades K-12, and can satisfy high
school graduation requirements.
In Los Angeles, more educators have been attempting to build
curriculums, teaching lessons or units in ethnic studies, especially
with the growth of charter schools in the area, said Maythee Rojas, the
president of the National. Assn. of Ethnic Studies. "I don't think it's
uncommon anymore," she said.
In Tucson, the program is supported by a court-ordered desegregation
budget, and is part of the district's initiative to create equal access
for Latinos.
Board member Mark Stegeman said he believes the board needs to consider
the program carefully and whether the courses, as taught, violate the
new law. Perhaps an external audit could be done to assess that, he
said.
Ethnic studies courses are sometimes controversial because people
believe the programs are attempting to replace one voice with another,
Rojas said.
The Tucson district plans to double the number of students in Chicano
studies in the upcoming school year, said Sean Arce, the director of
the program. Arce said that now that the bill has become law, he's
waiting for direction from the district's legal department.
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